USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF YELLOW FEVER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15015193Keywords:
Biossensores, Febre Amarela, Diagnóstico Precoce, PCR, Tecnologias Inovadoras.Abstract
Yellow fever is a severe viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes and Haemagogus genera, prevalent in tropical regions, especially in Latin America and Africa. Although the vaccine against the disease has been highly effective and available since 1937, recurrent outbreaks continue to occur, resulting in many deaths. Early diagnosis is crucial for proper treatment and epidemiological control, as the disease can progress to severe and hemorrhagic forms. However, conventional diagnostic methods, such as serology and viral isolation, have limitations, particularly in the early stages when symptoms are nonspecific and difficult to differentiate from other diseases. In this context, the use of innovative technologies has shown promise in overcoming these limitations. Molecular techniques, such as real-time PCR, can detect the virus's RNA even at low concentrations, providing fast and accurate results. Biosensors using nanomaterials such as graphene and gold nanoparticles offer high sensitivity and can be used in the field, making diagnosis more accessible, especially in hard-to-reach areas. Artificial intelligence (AI) also plays a significant role, enabling the analysis of large volumes of clinical and epidemiological data, which helps predict outbreaks and screen cases. Additionally, portable rapid diagnostic devices and digital monitoring platforms have expanded real-time response capabilities, facilitating public health management. Despite these promising advancements, large-scale implementation of these technologies still faces challenges, such as high costs, limited infrastructure, and the need for trained professionals. The effectiveness of these innovations depends on several factors, including resource availability and adaptation to local realities, particularly in remote areas with limited access to healthcare services. Thus, effective public policies and a coordinated effort between governments, international organizations, and research institutions are essential to ensuring the widespread and equitable use of these technologies. The combination of early diagnosis with rapid interventions can not only reduce yellow fever mortality but also enhance prevention and control strategies, contributing to a more effective and sustainable approach to tackling the disease.
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