The Role of Nursing in Palliative Oncology Care

Abstract

This article addresses the role of nursing in oncological palliative care, highlighting its relevance in promoting the quality of life of cancer patients and their families facing life-threatening illnesses. Palliative care is presented as an approach aimed at alleviating physical, psychological, social, and spiritual suffering, not limited to the terminal phase, but integrating care from the diagnosis of serious and progressive diseases. In this context, nursing occupies a central position, maintaining continuous contact with the patient and family, assuming responsibilities that go beyond technical care, such as welcoming, active listening, and emotional support. The study, developed through a narrative literature review, analyzed 18 publications from the last seven years, showing that nurses play a fundamental role in managing symptoms such as pain, nausea, dyspnea, and fatigue, as well as preventing infections, caring for wounds, and guiding families regarding the progression of the disease and the grieving process. The importance of therapeutic communication, multidisciplinary teamwork, and the humanization of care is also highlighted, especially in pediatric contexts, where playful activities contribute to the child's well-being. However, the article points out weaknesses in professional training, such as the absence of specific subjects on palliative care in undergraduate nursing programs and the scarcity of continuing education, which generates insecurity and emotional strain among professionals. It concludes that strengthening education in palliative care, coupled with psychological support for nurses, is essential to improve the quality of care, promote comprehensive care, and ensure dignity in the process of living and dying.